Thursday, 17 June 2021

Manipulated Media

It is indeed unfortunate that well-known TV personalities and journalists have taken to spreading false news and deliberately faking videos, to spread misinformation, in a very big way, across the country and abroad. Two of my earlier posts on fake news are Fake News by our Media and More Fake Stories

Two issues were raised in the past week, both related to UP which is headed for polls next year. The first was on purchase of some land by Ramjanam Bhoomi Trust on which enough clarifications have been given. The second, which, to me is of greater concern, is the deliberate falsification of a video in the attempt to inflame passions (of Muslims and the world).

The video was posted - why sans any audio soon became clear. It showed a few youngsters, beating up an old Muslim man Sufi Abdul Samad Saifi, and cutting his beard. The subsequent narrative given by the victim, apparently in the presence of Umed Idris, a leader of the Samajwadi Party was that this was done (at gun point?) to force him to chant “Jai Shri Ram”. Turns out that Saifi used to sell tabeez and the wife of one of the buyers, who wore the tabeez, suffered an abortion. In their anger some guys (both Muslim and Hindu) thrashed the man and chopped off his beard.

And what was made of this incident – totally fabricated and totally meant to fan communal hatred? And done by muting the video so that truth would not surface!!

Mohammed Zubair, the co-founder of Alt News has himself accepted that the videos he had posted is false and that he has deleted his tweets/ videos. But this tweet and this video was retweeted by many including the famous – or rather infamous - Rana Ayyub, Salman Nizami, Dr. Shama Mohammed, Maskoor Usmani, Saba Naqvi, The Wire, The New Indian Express, HT Delhi to name a few. There are several others including Rahul Gandhi who apparently also tweeted about this incident.

https://twitter.com/zoo_bear/status/1404836394371977216?s=1005

It may be recalled that Twitter had marked Sambit Patra's tweet on Congress’s  toolkit – as "Manipulated Media" on the strength of a fact check by Alt News. But very obviously Alt News is a questionable source – creating their own falsities.

More details can be read here: https://www.opindia.com/2021/06/thequint-withdraws-its-cartoon-defaming-jai-shri-ram-chant-after-ghaziabad-hate-crime-turns-out-to-be-fake/

(Care: Op India is pro the current Govt).

#Altnews #FakeNews

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Previous : A distant view on the Indian Judiciary

Tuesday, 11 May 2021

A distant view on the Indian Judiciary

I received a forward on WhatsApp today which I am reproducing below as I feel it is extremely well written and raises some very pertinent issues. However I have deleted the name of the person this is attributed to, as I have not been verify this, the rest is reproduced exactly. It is a long write-up but very relevant. 

किसी ने यह पढा है? सच तो कह रहे हैं जज साहब। आप पढ़ें।

Hon’ble Lordships,

There is a India beyond Delhi.

This shouldn’t come as a surprise to your Lordships as many of you have practiced in different courts across the country and have been a part of various High Courts as Hon’ble Judges and even Chief Justices. You have been a part of not only the judicial framework but also a part of the culture of the States wherein you resided during such tenure. And there is no doubt that with every High Court, you have dispensed justice as if it was your parent High Court and the people, your own.

However, the Covid-19 crisis and the Delhi centric hearings taking place before the Hon’ble Delhi High Court and the Hon’ble Supreme Court make us wonder if Delhi is little more Indian than rest of India. And such fears may not be misplaced.

Statements such as ‘Delhi Represents the Nation’ and ‘Delhi must be given its oxygen quota [fixed by Court] by whatever means’ may have been off-the-cuff and unintentional but do convey a sense of priority for Delhi. The direction, no matter how conveniently worded, to the Centre was to ensure 700 MT of oxygen to Delhi at any cost.

There was a special preference given to Delhi which was not available for other States. It was indicated that Delhi is more entitled than others.

Let us take this example, Madhya Pradesh, like Delhi, has no oxygen producing units of its own. However, with proactive coordination with industrialists and transport traders, it was able to secure few plants, containers, transport and continuous supply. It was proactive in making request for Oxygen Express. While it is still touch and go for Madhya Pradesh, the government acted in the nick of time.

In Delhi, the High Court and the Supreme Court have directed the Central Government to bring oxygen to Delhi’s border. No such privilege was extended to Madhya Pradesh.

Hopefully, the Centre will let us know if the same was at the cost of another State that was proactive in booking transport and supply and did not have the privilege of being Delhi. In fact, a report suggests that Rajasthan, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir and Jharkhand are likely to be affected by such diversions of oxygen supply to Delhi on behest of Hon’ble Courts. Maybe we all are equal, but Delhi residents are little more equal than others.

Similarly, Uttar Pradesh has been battling with shortage of oxygen and Remdesivir injections.

There was a shortage of oxygen in Manipur (which was attended to by Assam in the spirit of cooperative federalism).

There have been incidents reported in Rajasthan where Remdesivir has been out of stock in entire districts. In fact, Rajasthan has been asked by the Hon’ble Supreme Court to wait till next Monday to plead its grievances.

The severity of the oxygen crisis in Punjab is apprehended to be underreported. Chhattisgarh has seen high levels of positivity rate.

The crowding of senior citizens outside vaccination centers in Mumbai may be more dangerous than political rallies, considering the age group is more vulnerable.

Yet, the hearing before the Hon’ble Supreme Court was limited to Delhi. There is urgency only for Delhi. This reminds me of a political slogan that may be suitably modified- Delhi is India and India is Delhi.

To be fair to the Hon’ble Supreme Court, they did refer to Mumbai briefly, another Metropolitan to commend its ‘Model’. However, the commendation rebels against the fact that Mumbai was the epicentre of second wave, the deaths are highest in Maharashtra and that there are enough statistics to show that Mumbai allowed the second wave to go unchecked for months with its alarmingly low testing. I will believe that the model being referred to was limited to utilisation of oxygen.

However, maybe a mention of Assam which has almost become self-sufficient in oxygen through prompt coordination with industries or Odisha, which has supplied oxygen to many States would have been better.

But then, maybe these States are a victim of tyranny of distance and are not as glamorous as the ‘City That Never Sleeps.’ Maybe, their Lordships are guided by the limited reading of a section of media.

Individually, these instances may not mean much. Collectively, they indicate that the Hon’ble Courts are governed by the factors of proximity and self-preservation.

They are likely to react when the deaths are closer to home and have more attention of the media. And there may not be anything extraordinary about it. The Hon’ble Justices are humans as well. They are affected by what they see, hear and read in the media. The closer the calamity, swifter the response. However natural, the swift reaction may cause harm to the interest of other States who are reeling under the same pressure.

There is a difference between seeking all possible resources and all resources. The hearings do indicate that ‘all resources’ are meant for Delhi and other States, have to divide whatever is remaining. This cannot be allowed to continue; not the hearings, rather the perception. The perception that Hon’ble Courts in Delhi will prioritise Delhi at the cost of others will only damage the institution more.

Maybe the situation could have been different, had there been regional benches of the apex Court and such regional benches would have been seized of the region-specific concerns.

Maybe it could have been different if the Hon’ble Courts in Delhi were not accessible to only a select few lawyers. Maybe it would have been different if Courts did not let their territorial jurisdiction get better of the need to be fair and equitable to other States. The states may compete in the spirit of cooperative federalism, courts shouldn’t.

Post-script

I have not spoken of the inherent problem of Courts directing and micro-managing day to day affairs of the Executive.

I will not speak of the fact that lawyers have decided to replace the wisdom of doctors in managing the pandemic.

I will not speak of the discussion in a High Court (and not ICMR) as to whether Dexamethasone is an alternative to Remdesivir.

I will not speak of the fact that government officials are spending more time before the Courts rather than actually working to save lives. Because these are issues concerning a larger debate on judicial activism and whether it has reached a destructive stage.

I have not spoken of the much-required audit of the Courts to determine how judicial delay has added to the misery in the pandemic.

The unilateral offer of a corporate to produce 1000MT of oxygen per day was delayed by 5 crucial days on account of Hon’ble Court’s indecisiveness. To put things in perspective, such quantum of oxygen is 300 MT in excess of the per day requirement of Delhi.

There are numerous roads, highway and public infrastructure projects in abeyance due to judicial battles and processes. Maybe, and just maybe, the flow of oxygen and medical help could have been better with better means of transport and supporting infrastructure.

There are hundreds of undertrial prisoners suffering in jail attributable to judicial delays and are now at the mercy of the pandemic in overcrowded jails. Yet again, these are matters of judicial conduct that require a larger debate and maybe better times.

I have specifically not referred to the Bengal violence escaping the attention of the Courts and the otherwise hyperactive Bar. I will not go into the fact that the Hon’ble Supreme Court has refused to even list the petition on Bengal violence for hearing.

As I stated above, maybe the proximity of courts determines the value attached to deaths. Yet, I have to remain silent. I know the moment I seek to draw attention to the same, the concerns will be dismissed as political. I can only hope that the Courts will use their discretion equitably, and equally.

There is a lot to be spoken. However, in an ideal world, such criticism would call for a debate and not contempt. We are not in ideal world. Therefore, the author issues her/his unconditional apology for any feelings that may have been hurt and any disrespect that may have been inferred. There is no intention to lower to the majesty of the Hon’ble Courts or commit any contempt.

Praying for a safe and happy vacation for Hon’ble Lordships.

Yours faithfully,

A non-Delhi resident 

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Previous: Feeding the poor during Lockdown

Friday, 19 February 2021

Feeding the poor during lockdown

There has been internal criticism over the sudden lockdown at the start of the pandemic. And about the poor migrants mainly from Delhi and Maharashtra (and students from Kota, Rajasthan) who, in great distress, had immediately to go back home. There is no talk of the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY) - a subset of the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY) relief package of Rs 1.70 Lakh Crore announced to minimize the impact of Covid-19 lockdown on economy and to help alleviate the plight of the poorest segments of India's 130 cr/1.3 billion population. The package, inter-alia had cash payments directly into bank accounts of the poor.

PMGKAY, initially rolled out in March 2020, involved the free distribution of five kilograms of rice/ wheat to approx. 80 crore Indians, and one kg of pulses per family per month - this over and above the entitled regular 5 kg of grain per month under the National Food Security Act.

PMGKAY, implemented through the States, was thereafter extended till the end of November. The Govt has provided free ration for the last 7-8 months to about 80 crore (800 mn) poor – this number is about 2.5 times the US population, 12 times that of UK, and twice that of the EU - the number is absolutely mind-boggling.

https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/world-s-biggest-free-ration-scheme-just-got-bigger-modi-s-helping-hand-to-80-crore-indians/614311

Data shows that around 33-35 lakh MTs of rice/wheat were distributed per month under this scheme. 

https://annavitran.nic.in/avPMGKY?month=11&year=2020

Despite efforts I could not find any article commenting on the success or otherwise of this scheme – which, like all schemes of the current govt does not look into the religion or caste of the beneficiaries. There do seem to have been some logistic issues in the initial period but no comment thereafter, except for seeking further extension of the scheme. By this I conclude that the scheme has indeed been a success!!

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/extend-implementation-of-pm-garib-kalyan-anna-yojana/article33235316.ece

Next: A distant view on the Indian Judiciary

Previous: Houses for all - PMAY Gramin

Tuesday, 16 February 2021

Houses for all - PMAY Gramin

A housing scheme for rural poor has been in existence since long but implementation was poor and stuck in red-tape. The Comptroller and Auditor General of India whose department performs the Central Audit had found non-assessment of housing shortage, lack of transparency in selection of beneficiaries, low quality of the house, lack of technical supervision, loans not availed by beneficiaries and weak mechanism for monitoring were limiting the impact and outcome of the programme.

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin was launched in Nov. 2016 with the aim of providing housing for all in rural areas. The scheme subsumes the earlier Indira Awaas Yojana and has a target was 2.95 cr (29.5 mn) by 2022. PMAY-G aims at providing a pucca house which includes amenities like water, gas, toilet and electricity supply in all the households and a hygienic cooking space. Unskilled labour is provided from MGNREGS and, with houses being constructed using New Technologies, the time for construction has reduced from 314 days to 114 days with direct benefit transfer (DBT) of funds. Here the accounts opened under Jan Dhan Yojna would have been really helpful - it also eliminated the middlemen, much to their anger 😁😁

A constraint of lack of sufficient skilled masons is addressed by a pan-India training programme of masons. For timely construction, the scheme also provides tagging a PMAY-G beneficiary with a field level Government functionary and a Rural Mason.

http://www.businessworld.in/article/-Target-of-construction-of-2-95-crore-houses-under-PMAY-G-expected-to-be-achieved-by-March-2022-Centre/25-07-2020-301244/

The status of the scheme is available on the website of Ministry of Rural Development and, I must say, I am absolutely in awe – data is current. Excluding the 72 lakh houses under Indira Awaas Yojna which have been completed, the status is: Target  2.23 crs houses, sanctioned 1.90 crs and already completed 1.29 crs. – so they are well on track. Their site is otherwise too, amazingly informative. As is the linkage with banks and financiers.

When being updated this site is sometimes not available . The source site of the Ministry is:

Sunday, 14 February 2021

Houses for all - PMAY Urban

The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) aims at providing affordable housing to all in urban cities and rural areas. Initiated for the urban poor in 2015, the target date was 2022. The initial focus is 500 Class I cities as per willingness of States/UTs, in three phases to cover 100, 200 and thereafter all remaining Cities. 

https://vikaspedia.in/social-welfare/urban-poverty-alleviation-1/schemes-urban-poverty-alleviation/pradhan-mantri-awas-yojana-housing-for-all-urban

 The scheme is in public/private partnership and undertaken jointly with State Govts. Eligibility criteria is income, age etc. and covers economically and socially weaker sections. There is central assistance per house besides interest subsidy as also technical support. It also envisages slum rehabilitation. This scheme converges with other schemes to ensure houses have a toilet, Saubhagya Yojana electricity connection, Ujjwala Yojana LPG gas connection, access to drinking water and Jan Dhan banking facilities, etc.

Houses constructed under the mission would be allotted in the name of the female head of the household or in the joint name of the male head of the household and his wife. Funds are credited directly to beneficiary's account, thus eliminating middlemen and based on actual progress of construction.

The task was initially estimated at 2 crore houses but based on survey of States by integrating Aadhar number, Jan Dhan Yojana account numbers or other identification, the demand for about 1.12 cr. (11.2mn) houses was validated.

Under PMAY-U, 41 lakh (4.1 mn) houses have been completed so far while construction is in various stages in more than 70 lakh (7mn) houses.

 https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2021/jan/21/centre-approves-construction-of-over-168-lakh-houses-under-pmay-urban-2253182.html

PMAY (Gramin) in rural areas will come in a separate post.

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